雅思写作高分技巧：引出话题三方法

　　在具体写作过程中，为了满足考生应介绍段落写作的第一步。俗话说，万事开头难。许多学生不知道如何开始，浪费时间，无法在规定的时间内完成250字。事实上，作者的结论，可以引入基于background 的描写来引出话题。

　　Background 方法介绍

　　笔者就从教来的总结归纳来介绍Background的写作，认为应该从内容同句型上同时做到补充。下面先给大家介绍下扩充背景句的方法：

　　1). 追根溯源法。即从题目给出的话题中找出这个现象产生的原因来扩展背景句。这种方法适合大多数的话题，考生要尽量在考前做练习，这样在考试就可以得心应手了。

　　请看下面的例子：

　　There are social，medical and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take?Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phones? (高分范文P76)

　　这个题目中给出的话题是mobile phone，所以考生可以从它产生的原因来考虑，就是科技的繁荣，而科技的繁荣，手机的广泛使用是在20世纪末，这样背景句就有内容可写了。当然要通过相应的句型来写了。如 … (time) witnessed …

　　这个背景句就可以写成：The late 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology，which gave rise to a series of technological innovations，including the mobile phone.

　　再看一例：

　　Nowadays， some universities offer students skills that assist them to find employment，but some people believe that the main function of a university should bide students with access to knowledge for its sake. What is your opinion?

　　这个问题需要讨论大学是提供职业技能或知识。从传统的角度来看，大学是传授知识的场所，为什么教的技能，所以这里的考生也认为通过努力和彻底的搜索方法找到，我们当然可以认为是因为工作已经成为当今教育的目标之一，很多大学教授技巧。当然，它是根据句式，可以用来引导原因状语从句。

　　参考：As job-hunting has become one of the main purposes of university education，the majority of the universities tend to offer vocational trainings to prepare the students for their future career.

　　2). 重述法。即对关于这个话题的当前现状的重述。

　　请看一例：

　　Nowadays，people are facing more and more work-related stress. State the possible reasons for this phenomenon and make some recommendations about how to combat it。

　　本题的话题关于压力，那考生可从当前社会现象来考虑这个问题，考生不难想出当下对压力这一现象的情况，即很多人都在承受着或多或少的压力。可用it is generally believed that … 形式主语的句型。

　　参考：It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collars workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.

　　3). 定义法。即通过对话题词的定义的介绍，这种方法有一定难度，考生需要有渊博的知识，才能做到对名词的解释，但对特别明显的词语，考生可借鉴这种方法。

　　请看一例：

　　The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books should not waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software，videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

　　Background 句型介绍：

　　从以上的分析，我们发现在内容上是有方法了，不难从内容上找材料，可是如果句型积累不多的话，写出来的句子也是无法得到高分的，所以接下来，为大家介绍下常用的高分句型。

　　1). It is generally believed

　　It is the case that …

　　It is apparent that … 等形式主语

　　Eg It is generally believed that white-collar as well as blue-collar workers are suffering from psychological and physical stress stemming from work.

　　2). It is … that …

　　It is … who … 强调句型

　　Eg.It is the traditions in Beijing that attract many foreign tourists.

　　下面是考官范文里的句子：

　　It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person's personality and dictates how that personality develops.

　　3). 时间引导的叙述句型

　　Lately，the problem of unemployment has been brought to popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.

　　4). 状语前置

　　下面是剑6的高分范文中的句子：

　　In spite of this，the obvious benefits of computer skills for young children cannot be denied.

　　Just like movie stars，they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.

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