母亲节的历史(History of Mother's Day)
母亲节的历史(History of Mother's Day)
In the U.S. Mothers' Day is a holiday celebrated on second Sunday in May. It is a day when children honor their mothers with cards, gifts, and flowers. First observance in Philadelphia, Pa. in 1908, it is based on suggestions by Julia Ward Howe in 1872 and by Anna Jarvis in 1908.
Although it wasn't celebrated in the U.S. until 1908, there were days honoring mothers even in the days of ancient Greece. In those days, however, it was Rhea, the Mother of the gods that was given honor.
Later, in the 1600's, in England there was an annual observance called "Mothering Sunday." It was celebrated during June, on the fourth Sunday. On Mothering Sunday, the servants, who generally lived with their employers, were encouraged to return home and honor their mothers. It was traditional for them to bring a special cake along to celebrate the occasion.
In the U.S., in 1908 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother's Day. Jarvis persuaded her mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother's Day on the second anniversary of her mother's death, the 2nd Sunday of May. The next year Mother's Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.
Jarvis and others began a letter-writing campaign to ministers, businessmen, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother's Day. They were successful. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother's Day a national observance that was to be held each year on the 2nd Sunday of May.
Many other countries of the world celebrate their own Mother's Day at different times throughout the year. Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium celebrate Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May, as in the U.S.
母亲节的历史
在美国,人们在五月的第二个星期天庆祝母亲节。在这一天，孩子们把卡片，礼物和鲜花献给他们的母亲。第一次庆祝母亲节是发生在1908 年的费城，是由朱莉娅·瓦德·豪和安妮塔·贾威斯分别在 1872 年和 1908 年提议设立的。
虽然美国直到 1908 年才庆祝母亲节，但是尊敬母亲的节日甚至可以追溯到古希腊。尽管那时人们是庆祝上帝的母亲罗伊的。
后来, 在１７世纪初的英格兰，人们有一个惯例，就是在每年六月的第四个星期天庆祝“省亲节”。在省亲节那一天, 通常与雇主住在一起的仆人了, 被劝说回家和他们的母亲团聚。按照惯例，他们要带一块特殊的蛋糕回家庆祝。
在美国, 1908年有一个来自费城的叫阿纳·贾维斯的人，发起了一场建立全国的母亲节的运动。在西弗吉尼亚的格拉夫顿，贾维斯说服了她母亲的教堂，在她母亲去世2周年的纪念日那一天庆祝母亲节，即五月的第二个星期天。下一年费城也庆祝了母亲节。
贾维斯和其它人开始给部长，商人，以及政治家们写信，要求建立全国性的母亲节。他们取得了成功。1914年在任的伍德罗·威尔森总统，向全国发布官方通告，宣布在每年五月的第二个星期天庆祝母亲节，并使之成为一种传统。
世界上许多其它国家在全年的不同时间庆祝他们自己的母亲节。丹麦，芬兰，意大利，土耳其，澳大利亚，以及比利时同美国一样，在五月的第二个星期天庆祝母亲节。
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