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古德明英语军事小故事:怎样消灭敌人 ? (中英对照)

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古德明《征服英语》之英语军事故事,古德明,香港英语教育作家,他开了一个《征服英语专栏》,在专栏中专门用英语写了世界近代史上的军事小故事,用英语讲述历史中那些惊心动魄的战争。怎样消灭敌人 ?

At an official reception during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln referred to Southerners as "erring human beings", for which he was rebuked by an elderly Union supporter: "Why do you speak so kindly of the enemies when you ought to be thinking of destroying them?"
"Why do I not destroy my enemies when I make them my friends?" replied Lincoln.

美国南北战争期间,林肯总统在一个官方招待会上称南人为「误入歧途的人」,受到一位支持联邦军的长者斥责:「你应该设法消灭敌人,为甚么谈到他们还那么温厚?」
林肯回答说:「化敌为友,为甚么不等于消灭敌人?」

【解说】英文有一句成语:To err is human, to forgive divine ( 犯 错 乃 人 之 常 情 , 宽 恕 惟 圣 人 能 之 ) 。 读 者 大 概 都 认 识 error ( 错 误 ) 这 个 名 词 , 动 词 err 却 较 为 少 见 。 除 了 上 述 成 语 , to err on the side of something 这 说 法 也 该 认 识 。 这 是 「 太 过 … … 」 的 意 思 , 例 如 : ( 1 ) It is better to err on the side of safety than to risk your life ( 过 分 安 全 , 总 胜 过 冒 性 命 危 险 ) 。 ( 2 ) As a judge, I would rather err on the side of mercy ( 身 为 法 官 , 我 宁 错 毋 枉 ) 。
To err is human, to forgive divine 一 语 , 用 了 缩 略 法 ( ellipsis ) : 前 后 子 句 ( clause ) 文 法 结 构 相 同 , 相 同 的 字 就 可 略 去 。 这 一 句 主 词 ( subject ) , to forgive 之 后 的 动 词 is 就 略 去 了 。 有 时 , 略 去 的 字 会 用 一 逗 点 ( comma ) 取 代 , 例 如 : To err is human, to forgive, divine 。 

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