2018英语专四作文高分三个步骤
2018英语专四作文高分三个步骤
对于英语专四写作,想要高分建议考生按照以下三个步骤进行:
1. 审题谋篇
2. 段落写作
3. 修改润色
2018英语专四作文高分三个步骤第一步:审題谋篇
TEM 4—般都是提纲式作文,题目内容通常与考生的学习生活和社会热点问题紧密相关,容易理解。考生在看到题目后应该明确题目的主旨,并且根据给出的提纲确思路明确文章相关内容以及各部分之间的逻辑关系。
对于需要陈述自己观点的题目,要理清思路,明确文章的主旨,并且寻找合适的例证来支持这一观点。 在审题的基础上,考生可以尝试写出三段各自的主旨,并且寻找合适的例证来支撑这一观点,并勾勒出这篇文章的基本框架。
以2011年的专四写作真题为例
写作题目:Should Private Car Owners Be Taxed for Pollution?
写作提纲:In the first part ,state specifically what your opinion is. In the second part , provide one or two reasons to support your opinion. In the last part ,bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
首先,题目中就透露出这篇文章的几个关键词: private car、tax、pollution;再者,从提纲要求来分析,第一段提出观点,第二段列出若干个理由来支持作者观点,第三段则为总结。因此,这篇作文的基本框架及其各段的主题句可举例如下:
In my point of view, private car owners should be taxed for pollution(背景介绍,引出讨论的话题)
A. To begin with, automobile exhaust causes air pollution.(扩展说明理由一)
B. Besides, pollution tax may encourage an increasing number of people to C. make full use of public transportation(扩展说明理由二)
D. In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution.(结束语)
2018英语专四作文高分三个步骤第二步:段落写作
在第一步确定文章大致框架和各部分主题句的基础上,第二步在总框架中填入相关内容即可,这里需要综合运用各种写作手法对主题句所表达的内容进行扩充。同时也通过恰当的衔接手法保持文章句与句之间、段与段之间内容连贯,逻辑清晰。我们仍以2011年作文题为例来进行讲解:
第一段:In my point of view, private car owners should be taxed for pollution.(背景介绍, 引出讨论的话题)
根据第一步中的构想,文章的第一段为引出话题+亮出观点。这里需要填入话题背景介绍部分,具体写作手法可举例如下:
1. 直接引出话题,如:Nowadays,more and more people can afford car, which has caused serious air pollution problems。However,the proposed regulation about taxing private car owners for pollution is still in dispute
2. 间接引出话题,比如采用举例的写作手法间接引出
如:Mr Zhang lives in the suburbs of Guangzhou. He bought a car last year and found it very convenient and time-saving. One thing that has caused headache to him is that there is a proposed regulation about taxing private car owners for pollution. He is somewhat resistant to this regulation; However, in my point of view…
第二段:To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution.(扩展说明理由一)besides,pollution tax may encourage an increasing number of people to make full use of public transportation.(扩展说明理由二)
这一段为文章的主体部分,考生已提出两个观点并形成相应的主题句,需要对其进行拓展说明。这里可以使用的写作手法比较多,如举例、数据说明、正反观点等等。以下我们来看如如何采用不同的写作手法对第一个观点进行扩展:
1. 举例式
To begin with, automobile exhaust causes air pollution. Some big cities, such as Beijing and Shanghai, suffer a lot from air pollution caused by private car emission.
2. 数据说明式
To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution. According to the statistics released by the State Environmental Protection Administration, up to 40% of air pollution has been caused by automobile exhaust.
3. 正反观点式
To begin with,automobile exhaust causes air pollution. If there were no effective measures to control the number of private cars, the problem would greatly influence our life and the whole ecological system as well.
第三段:In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution.(结束语)
这一段为文章的结尾部分,可以采取提出建议、展望或愿景等方式来结束文章,具体写作手法如下:
1. 提出建议式
In a word, it is necessary and urgent to levy tax to combat air pollution. I would suggest the
government should work out a feasible package of regulations as soon as possible to get this problem resolved.
2. 展望、愿景式
In a word, it is necessary to levy tax to combat air pollution. Only in this way can the environment be protected and the economy be sustainably developed.
2018英语专四作文高分三个步骤第三步:修改润色
考试作文的时间相对较紧,但考生即便是写完作文所剩时间不多也一定要对文章进行仔细检查,尽量避免文章中出现大小写、标点符号、拼写、时态、语态、主谓一致等常见的写作问 题。考生比较容易疏忽的问题包括:
1. 标题的格式
这是许多考生容易忽视的问题。考生应当严格遵照英文标题大小写规范来书写作文标题,一般实词(名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词等)首字母大写,虚词(介词、冠 词、连词、感叹词等)首字母小写,标题的第一个单词无论是实词还是虚词,其首字母一律大写。
2. 数、时态、代词等不一致
如:Money encourage you to work hard and try your best to earn them. 这里的money 为抽象概念,谓语动词应以单数形式出现,同样,也应以单数代词对其进行了指代。因此,这里应该改为:money encourages you to work hard and try your best to earn it.
3. 词性误用
如 :None can deny the significant of money. 其中significant是形容词,在这个句子里用为名词,可以改为: None can deny the x/gn诉omce of money.又如:Some college students hire cleaners in their dormitories occasional. 这句话里的 occasional 本是形容词,被误用为副词了,应该改为occasionally。
4. 标点符号误用
有些考生容易出现将逗号误用为句号的情况,如:Money could bring some extra trouble to you,sometimes it is harmful. 这样的句子在英语专业四级考试的作文卷中屡见不鲜,属于不断句(run-on sentence),往往是由于考生将汉语中逗号的用法迁移至英语写作中所致。考生应该注意在润色过程中检查这类的句子,使用适当的连接词来衔接两个或两个以上的分句。
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