托福独立写作话题素材拓展：环境
对于很多TOEFLer来说，托福独立写作最让人惆怅的并不是不会写，而是不知道该写啥?托福独立写作部分话题涉及各类领域，考察考生对特定话题的独立观点阐述， 而让很多考生感到头疼的恰恰不是语言表达本身，而是拿到题目不知从何写起，遇到自己之前不熟悉不了解的话题，往往大脑一片空白。还有些同学因此走极端开始进行各类素材的疯狂记忆积累，背到最后舌头打结却并不能清楚明晰自己到底都背了啥。
其实，托福独立写作的思路拓展我们完全可以“功夫在平时”，通过日常阅读和听力材料积累必要的话题素材，不求字字句句铭记只需大概了解特定范畴，再在日常托福备考中注意练习应用，学会触类旁通融会贯通，考场上自然可以心中有数。下面我们来看一些社会环境类话题素材拓展。
Sample Question：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
The environmental issue is too complex to be handled by the individual.
日前，环境问题是考察热点，这个话题与大家的生活息息相关。我们可以通过对话题进行2W1H的方式来进行思维拓展。
W1: What is environmental issue?
环境问题是一个很宽泛的概念，包括环境污染(pollution)，沙漠化(desertification)，垃圾处理(waste disposal)等，环境污染又可以细分到大气污染(atmospheric pollution)，水污染(water pollution)，资源短缺(resource scarcity)。
Sample sentences:
1. Recently, the atmospheric pollution becomes a severe problem, which affects most Chinese cities, especially some metropolis such as Beijing.
2. Since last century, desertification has become a worldwide issue which needs global cooperation to deal with.
W2: Why is the issue complex?
因为地球是一个互相联系(connected)的整体，牵一发而动全身(the butterfly effect)，一个地方的环境受到污染，势必影响到周围其他地方，多个地方环境遭到破坏，则全球大面积都会受到影响。
Sample sentences:
1. Because the earth is connected as a whole, one place being polluted often affects other places, which is called the butterfly effect.
2. The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.
H1: How can we handle?
处理环境问题的方式有很多，需要的是全民合作(public cooperation)和全球合作(global cooperation)才能有所收效。
Sample sentences:
1. In order to handle the environment issue effectively, the global cooperation is needed.
2. Although it seems insignificant as an individual, if everyone in the society contributes a little, the pollution problem will be under controlled soon.
以上就是关于“社会环境”相关的托福独立写作素材，希望大家在之后的托福备考中注意练习，写作素材切忌死记硬背，只有融会贯通进行理解与应用才能收获最佳备考效果。
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