李克强总理在瑞士经济金融界人士午餐会上的演讲（中英对照）
李克强总理
国务院总理李克强24日在苏黎世发表题为《携手迈向中瑞务实合作的新未来》的演讲，阐述中国的经济金融政策以及中瑞自贸协定的重要意义。
携手迈向中瑞务实合作的新未来——在瑞士经济金融界人士午餐会上的演讲
Work Hand-in-Hand to Create a New Future of China-Switzerland Pragmatic Cooperation—Speech at Luncheon Hosted by the Swiss Economic and Financial Community
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2013年5月24日，苏黎世
Zurich, 24 May 2013
尊敬的施奈德-阿曼联邦委员、约尔丹行长，
女士们、先生们、朋友们：
Your Excellency Federal Councilor Schneider-Ammann,
Your Excellency President Jordan,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Dear Friends,
很高兴在苏黎世同瑞士经济金融界的朋友们见面。瑞士是欧洲大陆的一颗明珠，也是全球金融强国之一，吸引着众多跨国公司和国际组织在此落户。这次是我担任总理后的首次出访，把瑞士作为访问欧洲国家的首站，是因为中瑞关系十分紧密、非常友好。
I am delighted to meet you, friends of the Swiss economic and financial community, in the city of Zurich. Switzerland is a shining pearl on the European continent and one of the world’s strongest financial powers. It is home to a large number of multinational companies and international organizations. This is my first overseas trip after becoming the premier of China. I have chosen Switzerland as my first stop in Europe, because we have very close and friendly relations with Switzerland.
瑞士拥有现代化的工业和农业，支撑了发达的金融业和服务业。在不久的将来，瑞士生产的精密仪器、工业制成品和农产品出口中国将享受十分优惠的关税待遇，中国产品出口瑞士也将享受同等待遇，原因是中瑞已经谈成了自贸协定。
Switzerland’s modern industries and agricultural sectors have provided the foundation for the development of advanced financial and service industries. Swiss-made precision instruments, industrial goods and agricultural products will soon enjoy very low tariff rate when exporting to China, and the same preferential treatment will be provided for Chinese products entering Switzerland. That is because China and Switzerland have reached a deal on the FTA agreement.
中瑞达成自贸协定来之不易。2010年初我访问瑞士时，世界经济还笼罩在国际金融危机的浓厚阴霾之中。从苏黎世到伯尔尼、达沃斯，一路上我都在思考中瑞如何深化合作、共克时艰。正是在那次访问中，我同瑞士领导人达成共识，决定开启自贸协定谈判。三年多来，双方求同存异，做了大量艰苦细致的工作，开展了九轮磋商。下午，我将与毛雷尔主席共同见证双方签署关于中瑞自贸协定结束谈判的谅解备忘录，我相信这张蓝图必定会变成现实。
The FTA agreement has not come easily. My previous visit to Switzerland took place in the beginning of 2010, when the global economy was still in the grip of the international financial crisis. From Zurich to Bern and to Davos, I was all the way thinking about what China and Switzerland could do to deepen cooperation and meet the challenges together. It was during that visit that the leaders of Switzerland and I agreed to launch the FTA negotiations. Over the past three years and more, the two sides have made dedicated efforts to expand common ground while reserving differences, and completed nine rounds of consultations. This afternoon, President Maurer and I will jointly witness the signing of the MOU on the conclusion of FTA negotiations. I am confident this blueprint will be turned into a reality.
中瑞自贸协定的成果十分丰富。这是一个高水平、内容广泛的协定，不仅涵盖货物贸易、服务贸易，而且包涵了环境保护、劳工就业、知识产权、市场竞争等新时期的新议题。双方同意给予对方绝大多数产品零关税或低关税待遇，并推进包括金融业在内的服务贸易自由化和便利化进程。这既有利于降低交易成本、促进企业在竞争中发展，更有利于发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用，有利于经济全球化进程。
China-Switzerland FTA is a fruitful agreement with high quality and rich content. It not only covers trade in goods and services, but also includes new trade issues such as environmental protection, labor and employment, intellectual property and market competition. The two sides have agreed to provide low- or even zero-tariff treatment to the vast majority of each other’s products, and advance liberalization and facilitation of trade in services, including the financial sector. This will help reduce the cost of transactions, promote the development of companies through competition, better leverage the fundamental role of the market in resources allocation, and generate momentum for economic globalization.
中瑞建设自贸区的意义不仅仅在于中瑞两国。这是中国同欧洲大陆国家的第一个自贸区，是中国同世界经济20强国家的第一个自贸区，是一件具有里程碑意义的大事。首先，这对深化中瑞经贸合作是重大利好，将使各项制度和政策更加透明，使各具优势的“中国制造”和“瑞士制造”更容易进入对方市场，给两国企业和消费者都带来好处。第二，这对发展中欧关系是重大利好，瑞士与欧盟各成员国和欧元区经济联系密切，是中国企业与欧洲企业合作的重要纽带。第三，这对全球贸易和投资自由化便利化是重大利好，中瑞经济总量分别居世界第二位和第十九位，贸易总量分别居世界的第二位和欧洲的第二位，达成自贸协定对各国会产生重要的示范甚至引领作用。
The significance of the building of a China-Switzerland FTA goes beyond the two countries. It is China’s first FTA with a country from the European continent and with one of the world’s top 20 economies. It is a milestone achievement. First, it is good news for China-Switzerland business cooperation. It will make our rules and policies more transparent, and help “made in China” and “made in Switzerland” products, each competitive in their own ways, gain access to the other side’s market more easily, and bring benefits to the companies and consumers of both countries. Second, it is good news for China-Europe relations. Switzerland is closely linked with the EU member states and the euro zone economies, and it is an important bond connecting Chinese and European enterprises. Third, it is good news for global trade and investment liberalization and facilitation. China and Switzerland are respectively the world’s second and nineteenth largest economies, and the second largest trading nation in the world and Europe. The FTA agreement reached between China and Switzerland can serve as a model and guide for other countries.
中瑞达成自贸协定，充分表明中国将进一步扩大对外开放，把加快实施自贸区战略作为对外开放的关键举措。中国经济总量虽然较大，但人均GDP仍然很低，实现现代化还有很长的路要走。无论是现在还是将来，我们都将始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，其中一个重要战略支点就是构建自由贸易区。迄今为止，中国已经与19个国家和地区签署了11个自由贸易协议，与其他一些国家商谈自贸区也在进行当中，我们将坚定地推进这些谈判。中国将更加积极主动地扩大对外开放，与自贸区伙伴共同获取新时期的“开放红利”，共同释放更多的“改革红利”，共同分享更大的“发展红利”。中国服务业发展相对滞后，服务贸易规模仅相当于货物贸易规模的约1/8，这制约了中国经济的转型升级。我们不仅需要高质量的产品，也需要优质的服务。中国将进一步扩大物流、金融、商务、医疗、教育等服务贸易领域开放，促进服务业加快发展。
The conclusion of the FTA agreement with Switzerland fully shows that China stands ready to open wider to the outside world and takes the accelerated implementation of the FTA strategy as an important step in its opening-up. Although China is a large economy in aggregate terms, its per capita GDP is still very low, and it still has a long way to go before achieving modernization. We will remain committed to following the path of peaceful development and pursuing the win-win strategy of opening-up. And the building of FTAs is an important strategic focus of our endeavor. Up to date, China has signed 11 FTA agreements with 19 countries and regions, and FTA negotiations with some other countries are also well underway. We will make unremitting efforts to advance these negotiations. China will be more active in opening to the outside world, and work with its FTA partners to reap the “dividends of opening-up” in the new era, unleash more “reform dividends” and share greater “development dividends”. China’s service sector is relatively underdeveloped, and the size of trade in services is only equivalent to about 1/8 of that of trade in goods. This has proven to be a constraint on the transformation and upgrading of the Chinese economy. We need not only high-quality products but also better services. We will promote further opening in such service sectors as logistics, finance, business, medical services and education, and accelerate the development of the service industry.
我们注意到，美国正在推动“跨太平洋伙伴关系协定”谈判，美欧准备启动“跨大西洋贸易和投资伙伴关系”谈判。这些协议涵盖国家多、经济体量大，将 对全球经贸格局和贸易投资自由化进程产生重大影响。我们对任何有利于贸易投资自由化和地区经济融合的合作，原则上都持开放态度。只要其遵循多边贸易规则， 秉持开放、包容、透明原则，我们都乐见其成。美欧是世界主要经济体，又是多边贸易体制的重要成员。我们希望相关谈判不仅有利于美欧的经贸发展，也有利于多 哈回合谈判进程，使自由贸易的好处更多惠及广大发展中国家民众。中国积极推动多边贸易体制和区域贸易安排“两个轮子”一起转，反对任何形式的贸易和投资保 护主义。
We have noticed that the United States is pushing forward negotiations on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and preparing to launch negotiations with Europe on a Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). Given the number of participating countries and the combined size of their economies, these agreements will have a major impact on the pattern of international trade and the process of trade and investment liberalization. In principle, China is open to all cooperation initiatives that are conducive to trade liberalization and regional economic integration. We are happy to see them come to fruition as long as they are consistent with multilateral trading rules and the principles of openness, inclusiveness and transparency. The United States and Europe are major economies and important players in the multilateral trading system. We hope that the relevant negotiations will contribute not only to their respective trade growth, but also to the progress of Doha Round negotiations so that the benefits of free trade can be better shared by the people of developing countries. China is taking active steps to get the wheel of multilateral trading system and the wheel of regional trade arrangements moving at the same time, and we are opposed to trade and investment protectionism in all forms.
我想指出的是，最近欧盟发起针对中国光伏产品和无线通信设备的反倾销反补贴调查，中方对此高度关注。对这两类产品和设备实行“双反”，不仅会严重 损害中国相关产业、企业和就业，也会损害欧洲用户和消费者的切身利益，损人而不利己，更会给保护主义提供市场，所以我们坚决反对。在当前经济环境下，各国 应努力维护稳定、开放的国际贸易环境，慎用贸易救济措施。中国一贯主张通过对话磋商解决贸易摩擦问题。希望欧盟妥善处理光伏产品和无线通信设备两案，维护 中欧经贸大局，维护贸易自由化原则。
I want to point out that the Chinese side is highly concerned about the anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigation recently launched by the EU against Chinese PV products and wireless telecommunication equipments. Anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigation against these two types of products will not only seriously hurt the relevant industries, companies and jobs in China, but also undermine the vital interests of European users and consumers. It serves no one’s interests, but only fuels the rise of protectionism. That is why we are firmly opposed to it. In the current economic environment, countries should work together to uphold a stable and open international trade environment and exercise caution with the use of trade remedy measures. China has consistently called for settling trade frictions through dialogue and consultation. We hope the EU will properly deal with the cases of PV products and wireless telecommunication equipments, uphold the larger interests of China-EU economic relations and the principle of trade liberalization.
女士们，先生们！
Ladies and Gentlemen,
瑞士是重要的国际金融中心，拥有完备而具活力的金融体系，孕育了众多久负盛名的金融企业，被称为银行密度最高的国家。今天我们所在的苏黎世就是一个国际金融中心城市。我此访期间将与贵国领导人宣布建立中瑞金融对话机制，加强双方金融合作和在国际金融领域的合作。这里，我就金融经济问题谈几点看法，与大家交流。
Switzerland is an important international financial center with a well-established and dynamic financial sector. It is home to numerous renowned financial firms and known as the country with the highest density of banks. The city that hosts today’s event, Zurich, is an international financial center. During my visit this time, I will announce with the Swiss leaders the establishment of a financial dialogue mechanism to enhance cooperation on bilateral and international financial issues. Now, I wish to share with you some of my observations on economic and financial issues.
第一，我们坚持深化中国金融改革开放。改革开放以来，中国金融业伴随现代化建设而快速成长，但实现持续发展依然任重道远。目前，中国金融业资产已超过150万亿元人民币，外汇储备达3.4万亿美元，盘活金融资产、激活金融市场潜力很大。下一步，我们将坚定不移推进金融市场化改革，健全现代金融体系，加快发展多层次资本市场，稳步推进利率市场化、汇率市场化的改革。同时，深化境外战略投资者与中资银行的合作，稳步推进股票、债券、保险市场对外开放，促进人民币跨境使用，逐步实现人民币资本项目可兑换，拓展金融业对外开放的广度和深度。以开放促改革发展、促转型创新，实现中国经济持续健康发展，也会给世界经济增长及金融业发展提供机遇。
First, we are committed to deepening reform and opening-up of China’s financial sector. Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, China’s financial sector has enjoyed rapid growth together with the modernization of the country. However, to sustain this momentum of growth remains a long and arduous task. Currently, China’s financial sector has a total asset of over RMB 150 trillion and a foreign exchange reserve of US$3.4 trillion. There is a huge potential for making full use of China’s financial assets and reinvigorating the financial market. Going forward, we will unswervingly advance market reform of the financial sector, build a sound modern financial system, accelerate the development of a multi-tiered capital market, and steadily advance the liberalization of interest rate and exchange rate. In the meantime, we will deepen cooperation between Chinese banks and their foreign strategic investors, open the stock, bond and insurance markets in an orderly way, promote the cross-border use of the RMB and, over time, achieve the RMB’s convertibility under the capital account and expand the breadth and depth of opening-up in the financial sector. We will promote reform, development, economic transformation and innovation in the course of opening-up to achieve the sustainable and healthy growth of the Chinese economy. This will also create opportunities for the economic growth and development of the financial industry of the world.
第二，我们主张稳定国际金融经济政策。新的形势下，国际社会应当继续把推动世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长作为共同目标，坚持实施稳增长、促就业的宏观经济政策，推进财政金融改革，防范全球性通货膨胀风险，维护国际金融市场稳定。主要经济体实施量化宽松货币政策时，也应考虑对其他国家产生的负面溢出效应，同时妥善解决政府债务问题，尽快修复金融部门，为全球金融稳定、市场复苏和经济增长创造条件。
Second, we believe countries should ensure the stability of their financial and economic policies. In the new situation, members of the international community should continue to commit to the common goal of ensuring strong, sustainable and balanced growth of the world economy, pursue macroeconomic policies that help stabilize growth and generate jobs, advance fiscal and financial reforms, guard against the risk of global inflation, and maintain the stability of international financial markets. When introducing the monetary policy of quantitative easing, major economies should also take into account its negative spillover effects on other countries, and at the same time, properly resolve the issue of government debt, repair their financial sector as quickly as possible, and create conditions for achieving global financial stability, market recovery and economic growth.
第三，我们期望改革和完善国际金融体系。中国是国际政治经济秩序的维护者和建设者，愿意承担作为发展中国家和新兴经济体应当承担的责任。中方主张，优先考虑和积极推进国际货币基金组织和世界银行改革，更多地发挥国际货币基金组织在解决欧债问题中的作用。我们认为，现行合理有效的国际经济机制和规则应当维护，同时应当推进改革，加强国际金融监管，鼓励开展金融区域合作，提高发展中国家的话语权和代表性。中方愿继续与国际社会一道，凝聚智慧与共识，共同改革和完善国际金融体系。
Third, we hope the international financial system will be reformed and improved. China is committed to upholding and building the international political and economic order, and stands ready to fulfill its due obligations as a developing country and an emerging economy. China believes that we need to give priority to and actively advance the reform of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, and make fuller use of the role of the IMF in resolving the European debt issue. We believe that the existing sound and effective international economic system and rules must be upheld. In the meantime, efforts should be made to push forward reform, strengthen international financial supervision and regulation, encourage regional financial cooperation, and enhance the voice and representation of developing countries. We will continue to work with the international community to pool our wisdom and build consensus, and jointly reform and strengthen the international financial system.
女士们，先生们！
Ladies and Gentlemen,
在发展对华关系上，瑞士走在欧洲的前列，创造了许多“第一”。1950年初，新中国刚刚诞生，瑞士就成为最早承认我们的西方国家之一。1980年，中国对外开放的大门刚刚开启，当许多外国企业还在观望迟疑的时候，瑞士企业便与中方成立了第一家中外合资的工业企业。进入新世纪，当一些国家贸易保护主义抬头时，瑞士成为第一个承认中国完全市场经济地位的欧洲国家。这次，瑞士又成为第一个与中国签署自贸协定的欧洲大陆国家。我相信，在双方共同努力下，今后还会创造许多新的“第一”。
Switzerland is a front-runner among European countries in growing relations with China, and has set many records in this regard. In the beginning of 1950, soon after the People’s Republic was founded, Switzerland became one of the first countries in the West to recognize China. In 1980, when China had just opened its door to the outside world and when many foreign companies were still unsure about China, a Swiss company launched the first industrial joint venture in China. Entering the new century, when trade protectionism was resurfacing in some countries, Switzerland became the first European country to recognize China’s full market economy status. And this time, Switzerland is again the first country on continental Europe to sign an FTA agreement with China. I am confident that with the joint efforts of the two countries, there will be many more “firsts” in our future relations.
中瑞虽然分处亚洲和欧洲两端，但广袤的亚欧大陆把两国连结在一起。喜马拉雅山和阿尔卑斯山雄踞亚欧地理的制高点，召唤着人们知难而进、攀登全球经济合作的制高点。中瑞关系之所以历久弥新，成为不同制度和文化国家之间友好交往的典范，主要得益于一种敢为天下先、争当“第一”的品质。我们应当传承并弘扬这种开拓进取精神，促进中瑞关系始终站在历史、时代和世界的潮头，不断追求卓越！
Although China and Switzerland are situated respectively in Asia and Europe, the vast Eurasian continent has brought us together. The Himalayas and the Alps, where the highest peaks of Asia and Europe are, inspire us to meet difficulties head on and scale new height of global economic cooperation. China and Switzerland both have the courage and determination to always be the first in the world, and that is exactly why our bilateral relations have grown from one generation to another and become a model of friendly exchanges between countries with different social systems and culture. We should preserve and promote this enterprising spirit, and ensure China-Switzerland relations will always stay ahead of history, ahead of the times and at the forefront of the world and continue to strive for excellence.
谢谢大家。
Thank you.
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