牡蛎的快速增长 Raising Oysters
In the oysters were raised in much the same way as dirt farmers raised tomatoes- by transplanting them. First, farmers selected the oyster bed, cleared the bottom of old shells and other debris, then scattered clean shells about. Next, they "planted" fertilized oyster eggs, which within two or three weeks hatched into larvae. The larvae drifted until they attached themselves to the clean shells on the bottom.
在牡蛎饲养的方式有很大的相同的方式，因为泥土的农民提高西红柿-通过移植。首先，农民选择了牡蛎床，清除了旧壳和其他杂物的底部，然后散落干净的贝壳。然后，他们“种植”受精的牡蛎卵，在两个或三个星期内孵化成幼虫。幼虫漂流，直到他们把自己附着在底部的干净的贝壳上。
There they remained and in time grew into baby oysters called seed or spat. The spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from which they derived microscopic particles of food. Before long, farmers gathered the baby oysters, transplanted them once more into another body of water to fatten them up. Until recently the supply of wild oysters and those crudely farmed were more than enough to satisfy people‘s needs. But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. The problem has become so serious that some oyster beds have vanished entirely. Fortunately, as far back as the early 1900‘s marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury food. So they set up well-equipped hatcheries and went to work. But they did not have the proper equipment or the skill to handle the eggs. They did not know when, what, and how to feed the larvae. And they knew little about the predators that attack and eat baby oysters by the millions.
他们在那里，并在时间成长为婴儿牡蛎称为种子或吐。在海水中，它们从食物中获得的微小颗粒，使其吐出的卵更大了。不久，农民聚集的小牡蛎，再次将它们移到另一个身体的水把它们养肥了。直到最近，野生的以及人工饲养的牡蛎都足以满足人们的需要。但今天可口的海味已不再充裕。这个问题变得如此严重，以至于一些牡蛎的床完全消失了。幸运的是，早在1900年代早期的海洋生物学家们就意识到，如果不采取新的措施，牡蛎就会灭绝，或者充其量是一种奢侈的食物。所以他们建立了设备齐全的孵化场和去工作。但他们没有正确的设备或技能来处理鸡蛋。他们不知道什么时候，什么，以及如何喂养幼虫。他们对攻击和吃牡蛎的数以百万计的天敌知之甚少。(www.yingyuzuowen.cn)
They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940‘s a significant breakthrough was made. The marine biologists discovered that by raising the temperature of the water, they could induce oysters to spawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, winter, and spring. Later they developed a technique for feeding the larvae and rearing them to spat. Going still further, they succeeded in breeding new strains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, and flourished in water of different salinities and temperatures. In addition, the cultivated oysters tasted better!
他们失败了，但他们顽强地坚持了下来。最后，在1940年代取得了重大突破。海洋生物学家发现，通过提高水的温度，他们可以诱导牡蛎不仅在夏季，但也在秋季，冬季和春季产卵。后来，他们开发了一种技术喂养的幼虫和饲养他们吐口水。要更进一步，他们成功地选育新品种可以抵抗疾病、长得更快、更大，并且在不同的盐度和温度的火。此外，种植的牡蛎尝起来更好！
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