事理说明:欢乐与忧伤-Joy and Sorrow
欢乐与忧伤
【内容提示】
请你就“欢乐与忧伤”这一命题，写一篇英语说明文。
内容要点如下：
①生活中，苦与乐像影子一样与我们结伴而行。
②在永恒的自然中，快乐是动力，推动世界前进。
③愉快的人与别人分享欢乐，从善待别人中得到满足。
④苦是自找的。追逐名利的人永远没有欢乐，而只有痛苦。
⑤忌妒、报复心和虚荣心也是痛苦的根源。它们存在于人们的想象之中。
⑥要快乐就必须排除欲望和想象所导致的痛苦。
【作文示范】
Joy and Sorrow
In our life, joy and sorrow are like shadows that follow and go along with us. Sometimes we are in joy. Sometimes we are in sorrow. At times we cannot tell joy from sorrow.
What is joy? In the nature that is going on forever, joy is a driving power, which pushes the world forward. A joyful person has a sound mind and lives a happy life. He takes part in good activities and shares the joy with his fellows in the cause. It can be said that the joyful person is satisfied from being kind to others.
Sorrow is often self-sought①. The desire for power adds to one＇s sorrow. The desire for power goes side by side with the desire for fame and wealth. When the desire for power and fame and wealth is out of balance② with reality, it becomes the root of sorrow. Besides, envy, revenge ③ and vanity④ are also sources of sorrow. The three evils⑤ exist in man＇s imagination⑥. People suffer from them without knowing.
To be happy one must get free from sorrow led by desire and imagination.
【词语解释】
①self-sought[＇self＇s&t] a．自找的
②out of balance[＇b$l ns] 失去平衡
③revenge[ri＇venDN] n．报仇；报复（心）
④vanity[＇v$n ti] n．虚荣心；自负
⑤evil[＇i:v l] n．邪恶；罪恶
⑥imagination[i?m$DNi＇neiM n] n．想象；想像力
【写法指要】
本文是谈苦乐观的事理说明文。作者在文章引言段的一开头用明喻的修辞格，把苦和乐比作时刻伴随我们的影子，引出篇题。第二段和第三段是正文，各讲一方面。第二段写作者对欢乐的理解，第三段是对忧伤的诠释，并分析了产生痛苦的两种原因——欲望和想象。结尾段用简短的一句话提出摆脱痛苦的方法。
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