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百喻经之十四: 杀商主祀天喻

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§14 杀商主祀天喻

(14) offering the guide up as sacrifice to god

昔有贾客,欲入大海。入大海之法,要须导师,然后可去。即共求觅,得一导师。既得之已,相将发引,至旷野中,有一天祠,当须人祀,然后得过。

once upon a time there was a group of merchants who wanted to go to the sea. a guide was required. they set out in quest of such a man. after finding such a man, they started the trip and saw a temple when they reached a land of wilderness. a man had to be immolated to cross it.

于是众贾共思量言:“我等伴党,尽是亲亲,如何可杀?唯此导师,中用祀天。”即杀导师,以用祭祀。祀天已竟,迷失道路,不知所趣,穷困死尽。

after consultation, the group of merchants said that they could not choose anyone in the company to be killed, for they were all related. the only one fit to be sacrificed was the guide. so they killed him. after performing the rites, they soon lost their way and knew not which direction to go. they then died one after another.

一切世人,亦复如是:欲入法海,取其珍宝,当修善法行,以为导师。毁破善行,生死旷路,永无出期。经历三涂,受苦长远。如彼商贾将入大海,杀其导者,迷失津济,终致困死。

so are the people in general. those who seek to fish for treasure in the sea of dharma should keep the commandments of doing good deeds as their guide. if they break them, they will end their lives in the wilderness and can never be rescued. furthermore, they will have to go through the three evil paths of transmigration and suffer forever and ever. such men are just like the group of merchants who killed the guide and died in a body as a result.

注释:

①贾客:商人。

②发引:引导、出发。

③天祠:神祠,祭祀神的祠堂。《金光明经疏》有“神亦名为天”的记载。

④人祀:进神祠祭祀,需杀活人以供奉。

⑤伴党:党,群体、集团。

⑥亲亲:亲属,同族。

⑦所趣:趣,同去,去向、方向。

⑧法海:佛教认识人生、社会的基本教义。指一切事物、现象。

⑨三涂:涂,通途,即火、血、刀。火途,地狱猛火所烧之路;血途,各种野兽相互食咬之路;刀途,饿鬼以刀、剑、杖逼迫挟持之路。

⑩津济:津,渡口;济,渡,此处代指靠岸的码头。

⑾善法行:是修习利他的十行之一。指四无碍陀罗尼门等法,成就种种化他之善法,以守护正法,令佛种不断。

白话:

从前有一伙商人,想渡海做买卖。要渡海就必须请向导引路,才能成行。因此大家一同寻找,请到了一位向导。有了向导,大家就出发上路了。他们来到了一个旷野,那里有一座祭祀神的祠堂,按惯例必须杀活人祭祀后,才能离开。于是商人们共同商议说:“我们结伴而行的人都是亲戚,怎能杀死?只有这个向导,最适合祭祀神灵。”于是他们杀了向导,用来作了祭祀的供品。祭祀完毕后,他们却迷失了道路,不知该往何处走,都困死在旷野中。

一切世俗的人,也是这样,他们想得到人生的真谛、智慧和财富,就应当修行善事,接受教义作为行动的指南。但人们却常败坏善良的品行,从而在生与死轮回路上,永远不能超脱,并因为作恶堕入地狱、畜生、饿鬼道,受到火、血、刀这三种痛苦的长久煎熬。这就像商人们要渡海,却杀了引路的人,从而迷失了方向,最终导致困死旷野的结果一样。

辨析:

在现实生活中,只顾眼前利益,而不做长远之计的并不少见。那种为了现实而不顾未来,没有人生奋斗目标的人也屡见不鲜。商人们为了亲情,最终杀了向导,致使大家全部困死,这个结局可能会激起人们的同情,理解为是人最终的错误抉择而造成的;但为了一点儿个人的私利,却置集体、国家的利益以及法律于不顾,最终走向绝路的人,在今天的现实生活中也为数不少。佛家在引导人们去恶从善的法义宣讲中,能直指人心,重视人生理想,这在认识上是有见地的。在经济高速发展,物质生活水平不断提高的同时,精神文明建设也应该与物质文明同步。注意用高尚的思想情操来引导每一个人的人生之路,是十分必要的。

(摘自《百喻经注释与辨析》荆三隆 邵之茜著)

供您思考:

圣法法师在《百喻经故事广释》里说:“世间一切学问技艺,都需要老师的指导,而且各人有各人的专长。是故对老师对识者都必须有尊重和恭敬心,才能获得自己的利益,也才合做人的基本原则,否则自毁人格和前程。

本文标题:百喻经之十四: 杀商主祀天喻 - 英语故事_英文故事_英语小故事
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