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百喻经之七: 认人为兄喻

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§7 认人为兄喻

(7) one reckons another man to be one's elder brother

昔有一人,形容端正,智慧具足,复多钱财,举世人间,无不称叹。时有愚人,见其如此,便言:“我兄。”所以尔者,彼有钱财,须者则用之,是故为兄。见其还债,言:“非我兄。”傍人语言:“汝是愚人,云何须财,名他为兄;及其债时,复言非兄?”

once upon a time, there was a man endowed with a respectable appearance and intelligence as well as wealth. all these evoked feelings of admiration and praise from the people around him. another man then claimed this man to be his elder brother. he did so, because of the man's wealth. when he needed money, he called the man elder brother. after the rich man paying his debt, he stopped calling him elder brother. a bystander asked, "you are a strange man. when you are in need of money, you call him elder brother. when he is in debt, you will not. why?"

愚人答言:“我以欲得彼之钱财,认之为兄,实非是兄。若其负债,则称非兄。”

the man answered, "when i want to get at his money, i'll call him elder brother. as a matter of fact, he isn't my own elder brother. when he is in debt, i will not call him elder brother."

人闻此语,无不笑之。

hearing these words, people laughed at him.

犹彼外道,闻佛善语,贪窃而用,以为己有。乃至傍人教使修行,不肯修行,而作是言:
“为利养故,取彼佛语化导众生,而无实事,云何修行。”犹向愚人,为得财故,言是我兄;
及其债时,复言非兄。此亦如是。

the heretics, who have heard the good words of buddhism, purloin and make use of them as their own. when people try to teach them how to practice the goods words, they do not want to listen. they declared that they use the good words of buddhism to instruct the other people in order to earn a living. there is no need that they should bother to know how to practice it.

those heretics are just like the stupid man who calls the rich man elder brother for his money.

注释:

① 具足:具备、满足。如《金刚经》有:如来具足五眼。《法华经》有:色香美味皆悉具足。

② 众生:主要指人类,也泛指世间一切生物。佛教认为,一切众生以其诞生方式的不同可分为四种,即四生:胎生,指一切由母胎而生的动物,如人和兽;卵生,指一切由卵化而生的动物,如鸟;湿生,指一切由湿气而生的动物,如虫;化生,指无所依托,自然而生者,如神、幽灵等。

③向:方才。

白话:

从前有个人,容貌端正,举止大方,具有渊博的学识,又很富有,社会上的人们没有不称赞他的。当时有个愚蠢的人,见到他有这样的身份,便称他是“我的兄长”。之所以这样,是因为他有钱,在急需的时候,可以借用,才称他为兄。后来看见这位兄长给别人还债,他讲:“这人不是我哥哥。”周围的人听了说:“你是个愚人,为何在需要钱的时候,就称他为兄长,到他负债时,又说不是兄长了呢?”愚人回答:“我以前想得到他的钱财,才认他为兄长,实际上他并不是我哥哥,如果他欠了债,我就不需要再称其为兄了。”人们听了这番话,没有不耻笑他的。

这好比那些没有人生理想的人,听到了佛家有益的道理,就为己所用。等到别人劝他身体力行,修善布施的时候,就推托说:“只是为了利益和需要,才借用佛家的道理,来告诫社会大众,而并无心去实践,又怎能去修善布施呢?”这就像那愚蠢的人,为了得到金钱,就说别人是我兄长,等人欠债时,又说他不是我的哥哥,两者的道理是一样的。
 (摘自《百喻经注释与辨析》)

解说:

  义净在他翻译的《根本说一切有部百一羯磨》卷九中作了一条夹注,说印度到处都有提婆达多派的教徒,所具有的轨仪,也多与佛法相同,至于五道轮回,生天解脱之类的教理,所修习的三藏,也与佛法大致相同。(参见《大正藏》第二十四册第四百九十五页)

辨析:

人类社会发展至今,理想与现实总是有距离的,理论与实际也总是有距离的,但是我们却发现,善于引导人的高僧,对那些承认佛理之精深,但又不愿修行自持的人,采用了渐进式的引导,用愚人只认钱来对照,比喻只说不做的弊病。人们都认识到拜金主义的危害,但在生活中能够正确对待和处理金钱与人格、现实与理想关系的,还只是一少部分人。能自甘清贫和寂寞去追求人生理想,把理想变成不懈的努力、现实的行动并不容易。

本文标题:百喻经之七: 认人为兄喻 - 英语故事_英文故事_英语小故事
本文地址:http://www.dioenglish.com/writing/story/1508.html

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