直击六级英语综合改错题（2）

这是一个新的专题，目的是直击CET考点之综合改错！第一期我们已经概括介绍了综合改错题的解答技巧，从本期栏目开始，我们会通过专项来提高我们的解题能力！ 错误类型1.逻辑表达错误 2.介词使用错误 3.代词使用错误 4.非谓语动词使用错误 5.主谓语前后不一致错误 6.名词的错误 7.代词使用错误 8.冠词的错误 9.句子结构的错误 10.时态语态和语气的使用错误 11.易混淆词的使用错误。一、逻辑表达的错误逻辑表达错误是由于某个词语使用不当而造成文章在语义上前后不一致或者矛盾的错误类型，具有难度大、不易发现的特点。这类错误往往需要在考生充分理解全文并具有较强的语言综合应用能力的基础上方可解答。一般来说，逻辑表达错误包括两种类型。 第一种是反义词的使用错误，常见的这类错误有：①派生反义词，如：encourage-discourage，load-unload，satisfy-dissatisfy等；②互补性反义词，如：dead-alive，boy-girl，man-woman，male-female，brother-sister，married-single等；③换位性反义词，如：buy-sell，give-receive，lend-borrow，husband-wife，parent-child，left-right等；④相对性反义词，如：easy-hard，big-small，cold-hot，old-young，wide-narrow，love-hate等；⑤按上下文语义，行中多用了not或no，或必须添上not或no。 第二种是连接词的使用错误，包括：①并列连词，如：and，but，for，or等；②主从连词，这类词较多，如：because，(al)though，if，unless，before，after，until，as，while，whereas等；③连接性副词，如：however，moreover，besides，nevertheless，then，thus等；④连接性介词，如：because of，despite，besides，instead of等。下面通过一些例题的讲解，希望大家可以从中寻找出命题规律，并了解常见逻辑错误类型的特点。例1Recently more and more attention has been focusedon the problem of preserving the environment.www.yingyuzuowen.cnThe fact that a Government Ministry called theDepartment of the Environment has been createdshows how unimportant the issue is considered to be. 1.__________Many other countries have established similar organizations.这段文章，所要表达的意思是：人们对环境问题的重视，并成立了环境部，从而意在说明环境这个问题是多么的重要。显而易见，该处的unimportant应该改为具有肯定意义的important。此处错误属于第一种，即反义词的使用错误。例2In our society all kinds of work are equally important.For example, the work of a completely uneducatedfarmer is in some sense more important than that of aprofessor: we can live without education, so we die if we 1. __________have no food. This is a simple truth that everybodybelieves. Although no one cleaned our streets and took the 2. __________rubbish away from our house, we would get terriblediseases in our towns.在这段文章，第一处要表达的意思是：农民的工作在某种程度上甚至比教授还重要，这是因为不受教育我们照样能活下去，但是没有食物我们却无法存活。因此应该将so改为but，这样才符合文章的逻辑。第二处错误，咋看似乎是一个让步从句，然而后文却毫无转折之意，其实它是一个条件式虚拟语句，应该将although改为if。这两处错误均属于逻辑表达错误中的第二种，即连接词使用错误。这类错误比较第一种错误来说，重在考查考生对英语语言的应用方面。通过例题以及解答不难看出，逻辑错误主要是考查学生对整篇文章的理解，一般不容易第一眼便发现，只有我们读完全文或者上下文之后才可以把握。练习题1 There are many arguments for and against television.The poor quality of its program is often criticized and TVcommercials are also boring. So television is undoubtedly 1.__________a great comfort to many lonely and elderly people.2 The manager of a large office building had receivedmany complains about elevator service in the building,but he engaged a group of engineers to study the situation 2.__________and make recommendation for improvement.3 We asked a lady, who replied that she thoughtyou could tell a well-mannered person by the waythey occupied the space around them——for example,when such a person walks down a street he or she isconstantly unaware of others. Such people never 3.__________bump into other people.4 Until the very latest moment of his existence,man has been bound the planet on which heoriginated and developed. Now he has the capabilityto leave that planet and move out into the universe tothose worlds which he has known previously only directly. 4.__________5 One major decision which faces the Americanstudents ready to begin higher education is thechoice of attending a large university or a smallcollege. The large university provides a wide range ofspecialized departments as well as numerous courseswithin such departments. The small college, therefore, 5.__________generally provides a limited number of coursesand specializations but offers a better student-facultyratio, thus permitting individualized attention to students.6 Music the Johnny has learned to appreciate asunpleasant is just dull noise to Jimmy——and quite 6.__________possible, vice versa.7 We are learning, finally, that silence is a naturalresource and must be protected by law. It appearsthat we all find company in sound, if we all 7.__________demand a little quiet from time to time.8 The farmer aroused at down or before it andhad much work to do, with his own muscles as hischief source of power. He used axes, spades and 8.__________other complicated tools.9 Whether women who have started a careerwill attain pay equality with men rests on at leasttwo factors. First, will most of them continuepart-time at their jobs after they have children? A 9.__________break in their employment, or a decision to workpart-time, will slow their raises and promotions asit would for men.10 Whether true or not, the story illustrates theproblem with idioms. They are almost possible to 10.__________understand from the meanings of the individualwords. And with English idioms, even the samewords may have different meanings.