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英语中的“植物”喻人

阅读 :

  在日常生活中,人类感知与认识最多最鲜明的物体是植物。植物和人类的生活环境休戚相关,因此世界各民族语言中都有用植物喻人的表现手法,英汉两种语言也不例外。如在汉语中,我们经常见到人们用“眉如细柳”,“面似桃花”,“口作樱桃红”等词语来描写美人。又如可用“小辣椒”比喻性格泼辣的人,用“榆木疙瘩”比喻脑瓜不灵活的人。由于英、汉民族生活环境、思维方式等的不同,英语

  中用来喻人的植物与汉语也就不尽相同,这就需要我们在阅读时加以辨别。下面是一些常见例子。

  1.She is a rose of loveliness.

  她是位可爱的美人。(玫瑰――美人)

  补充:

  想来不少人都知道那句有名的诗,my luve's a red red rose,用红玫瑰喻心上人。

  2.I must say his latest girlfriend is a peach.

  我得说他新交的女朋友十分漂亮。(桃――美人)

  3.He is a peach to work with.

  他是个合作的好伙伴。(桃――受人喜欢的人)

  补充:

  Peach: (Informal)A particularly admirable or pleasing person or thing.

  【非正式用语】 受人欢迎的人(或物) 极受尊敬或欢迎的人或事物

  此外,原译文不太妥,在汉语中“合作伙伴”往往隐含商业合作或正式合作的意思,此处to work with可理解为一般的工作。怎么译比较好呢,说说你自己的看法吧。

  4.There were far more girls than boys at the dance so there were obviously several wall flowers.

  来参加舞会的女孩比男孩多得多,很显然有的女孩只有坐冷板凳了。(桂竹香――舞会上没有舞伴而坐着看的女子)补充:

  wall flower,或译为“壁花”,是很传神的描述,女孩如花,却没人请跳舞,只好坐在墙边,静静地开放,倒也不失为一种风景。

  5.She is a virgin, a most unspotted lily.

  她是个纯洁的少女,一朵洁白无瑕的百合花。(百合花――纯洁的人)补充:

  lily在英语中是纯洁的象征,也是美丽的标志,所以英语中有as fair as a lily(美极了)的说法,还用paint the lily来表示“作不恰当而过分的修饰”,有些“画蛇添足”的意思。

  6.He was the No.1 seed in the table-tennis championship.

  他是这届乒乓球锦标赛头号种子选手。(种子――种子选手)

  7.A man of learning is supposed to be some pumpkins.

  学问高深的人常被认为是重要人物。(南瓜――很重要的人物,通常用复数形式并与some连用)

  8.He is a real daisy.

  他是个顶呱呱的人物。(雏菊――第一流的人物)

  9.The country lost the flower of its youth in the war.

  那个国家在战争中失去了许多优秀青年。(花――精华)

  10.I'll leave you two young people alone;I'm sure you don't want me to play gooseberry.

  你们两个年轻人单独在一起吧,我敢肯定你们不希望我夹在你们中间。(醋栗――陪妇,这短语源自青年男女相聚时须有老妇陪伴的古老习俗)

  (译成“当电灯泡”也是很形象的表达。)

  11.Every weekend my husband goes off golfing;I'm tired “being a grass widow”.

  每个周末我的丈夫要去打高尔夫球,我实在厌倦做“草地寡妇”。(意思是他打高尔夫球,我被撂在一边的草地上孤独地无所适从,像个寡妇,只有草地陪伴我)。

  12.She was stuck with a lemon on the dance floor.

  她在舞场上被个讨厌的舞伴缠上了。(lemon是那种次品,如次品的车子。在消费市场上lemon的概念已经扩展到了次品电脑。在舞场上的次品上,一定是哪个傻乎乎的不讨她喜欢的家伙喽)。

  13.She is a Chaplin nut:She's seen all his films.

  她是卓别林的癖好者,凡他演的电影都看过。

  14.He shows a lot “strength for such a peanut”.

  他杀鸡用牛刀。

  15.I asked him to speak at the meeting,but he did not even attend;what a broken reed! 15.我让他在会上发言,他居然没来参加。真是个无可信赖的人。

  (broken reed 源自圣经以塞雅书,Isaiah 36:6-9.神把埃及比作A broken reed,人一旦依赖它,就会刺痛皮肉。神又把信徒比作A bruised reed,他们软弱但崇高,神不会让他们break)。

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